Getting Started
Are you ready to take your Xbox gaming experience to the next level? With Xbox Game Streaming, you can now play your favorite Xbox games on your mobile phone, giving you the freedom to game on the go. Whether you’re a seasoned gamer or new to the Xbox ecosystem, setting up Xbox Game Streaming is quick and easy.
Before diving into the world of Xbox Game Streaming, there are a few requirements you need to meet. First and foremost, you’ll need an Xbox One console. Xbox Game Streaming is not currently available for Xbox 360 or Xbox Series X/S consoles. You’ll also need a compatible mobile device. Supported devices include Android phones and tablets running Android 6.0 or later, with Bluetooth 4.0 support.
Once you have the necessary hardware, the next step is to ensure that your Xbox One console is updated to the latest software version. This ensures compatibility and improves the streaming experience. To update your console, simply go to the settings menu, select “System,” and then “Updates.” If an update is available, follow the on-screen instructions to install it.
With your Xbox One console updated, it’s time to install the Xbox Game Streaming app on your mobile device. Open the app store on your Android device and search for “Xbox Game Streaming.” Once you find the app, tap on the “Install” button to begin the installation process. Once the app is installed, open it and sign in with your Xbox Live account credentials.
Now that you have the Xbox Game Streaming app installed and signed in, you’ll need to pair your Xbox One controller with your mobile device. Make sure that your controller is updated to the latest firmware version. Then, enable Bluetooth on your mobile device and put your controller into pairing mode by pressing and holding the Xbox button and the pairing button simultaneously until the Xbox button starts flashing. In the Xbox Game Streaming app, tap on the “Connect” button and select your controller from the list of available devices.
Another key requirement is that your mobile device and Xbox One console must be connected to the same Wi-Fi network. This ensures a stable and lag-free streaming experience. If your Xbox One is connected to a wired network, make sure that your mobile device is on the same network.
With all the necessary preparations done, you’re now ready to start streaming games to your mobile device. Simply open the Xbox Game Streaming app, select a game from your Xbox One library, and tap on the “Play” button. Your game will start streaming to your mobile device, and you can enjoy console-quality gaming wherever you are.
Now that you’re all set up, it’s time to dive into the world of Xbox Game Streaming. Customize your streaming experience, troubleshoot any issues, and explore the future of gaming with this innovative feature. Get ready for endless hours of gaming fun, whether you’re at home or on the go.
Requirements for Xbox Game Streaming
To ensure a smooth and enjoyable Xbox Game Streaming experience, there are a few requirements you’ll need to meet. Before getting started with game streaming, make sure you have the following:
1. Xbox One Console: Xbox Game Streaming is currently only available for Xbox One consoles. Unfortunately, Xbox 360 and Xbox Series X/S consoles are not supported at this time. If you don’t have an Xbox One, you’ll need to acquire one to enjoy game streaming.
2. Compatible Mobile Device: To stream games to your mobile device, you’ll need a compatible Android phone or tablet running Android 6.0 or later. Ensure that your device meets these specifications and has Bluetooth 4.0 support for connecting your Xbox One controller.
3. Updated Xbox One Console: It’s important to keep your Xbox One console updated with the latest software version. This ensures compatibility and optimizes your streaming experience. To update your console, navigate to the settings menu, select “System,” and then “Updates.” If an update is available, follow the on-screen instructions to install it.
4. Xbox Game Streaming App: Install the Xbox Game Streaming app on your compatible Android device. Go to the app store and search for “Xbox Game Streaming,” then tap on the “Install” button to download and install the app.
5. Xbox Live Account: You’ll need an Xbox Live account to sign in to the Xbox Game Streaming app. If you don’t already have an account, you can create one for free on the Xbox website or directly through the app.
6. Xbox One Controller: The Xbox Game Streaming experience is best enjoyed with an Xbox One controller. Ensure that your controller is updated to the latest firmware version to avoid any compatibility issues. You can update your controller by connecting it to your Xbox One console and following the prompts.
7. Stable Wi-Fi Network: Both your mobile device and Xbox One console need to be connected to the same Wi-Fi network. A stable and reliable network connection is important for lag-free gameplay and smooth streaming. If your Xbox One is connected via a wired connection, make sure your mobile device is also connected to the same network.
By meeting these requirements, you’ll be well on your way to experiencing the thrill of Xbox Game Streaming. Once everything is in place, you can start playing your favorite Xbox games on your mobile device, allowing you to game anytime, anywhere.
Update Your Xbox One Console
Before you can start enjoying Xbox Game Streaming, it’s important to ensure that your Xbox One console is updated to the latest software version. Updating your console not only improves performance but also ensures compatibility with game streaming. Follow these steps to update your Xbox One console:
1. Access the Settings Menu: Turn on your Xbox One console and navigate to the home screen. From there, scroll left on the Xbox dashboard to open the guide. Select the “Settings” option represented by a gear icon.
2. Open the System Menu: In the Settings menu, locate and select the “System” option. This will open a submenu that contains various system-related settings.
3. Check for Updates: In the System menu, select the “Updates” option. Your Xbox One console will now check for any available updates. If there are updates available, you will see them listed on the screen.
4. Install Available Updates: If there are updates available, select the “Update Console” option, and then choose “Update Now.” Follow the on-screen prompts to start the update process. The console will download and install the necessary updates. Please note that this process may take some time, depending on the size of the update and your internet connection speed.
5. Automatic Updates: To ensure that your Xbox One console stays updated automatically, you can enable the “Keep my console up to date” option in the Updates menu. This way, your console will download and install updates in the background, allowing you to always have the latest features and improvements.
6. Restart Your Xbox One: Once the update process is complete, it’s a good idea to restart your Xbox One console. This helps to apply the updates properly and ensure that any new features or fixes are activated. You can restart your console by navigating to the Power menu in the Guide and selecting “Restart.”
By keeping your Xbox One console updated, you not only enhance the overall gaming experience but also ensure that you have access to the latest features and compatibility with Xbox Game Streaming. Regularly checking for updates and installing them in a timely manner is essential to stay up to date with the ever-evolving world of gaming.
Install the Xbox Game Streaming App on Your Phone
To begin your Xbox Game Streaming journey, the first step is to install the Xbox Game Streaming app on your mobile phone. The app allows you to stream your Xbox One games directly to your phone, giving you the freedom to play wherever you go. Follow these steps to install the app:
1. Access Your App Store: Open the app store on your Android device. The Xbox Game Streaming app is currently available on Android phones and tablets.
2. Search for the App: In the app store, use the search function to find the Xbox Game Streaming app. Enter “Xbox Game Streaming” in the search bar, and you should see the app in the search results.
3. Install the App: Tap on the Xbox Game Streaming app from the search results to access its main page. On the app page, you will find an “Install” or “Get” button. Tap on this button to start the installation process.
4. Wait for the Installation: The app will now begin to download and install on your phone. The download time may vary depending on your internet connection speed and the size of the app. It’s important to have a stable internet connection during this process.
5. Open the App: Once the installation is complete, you’ll see the Xbox Game Streaming app icon on your home screen or in your app drawer. Tap on the icon to open the app.
6. Sign In to Your Xbox Live Account: When you first launch the Xbox Game Streaming app, you’ll be prompted to sign in with your Xbox Live account credentials. Enter your email and password associated with your Xbox Live account, and then tap “Sign In.”
Now that you have successfully installed and signed in to the Xbox Game Streaming app, you are one step closer to enjoying your Xbox One games on your phone. The app provides a seamless streaming experience, allowing you to dive into your gaming library and start playing your favorite titles.
Keep in mind that the installation process may vary slightly on different Android devices or future app updates. It’s always a good idea to check for any available updates for the Xbox Game Streaming app to make sure you have the latest features and improvements.
Once the app is installed, the next step is to pair your Xbox One controller with your phone, which we’ll cover in the next section. With your controller connected, you’ll be ready to embark on gaming adventures right on your mobile device.
Pair Your Xbox One Controller with Your Phone
To ensure a seamless gaming experience while using the Xbox Game Streaming app on your phone, it’s important to pair your Xbox One controller with your mobile device. The Xbox One controller provides precise control and familiar input for your games. Follow these steps to pair your controller:
1. Update Your Controller: Before attempting to pair your controller, ensure that it is updated with the latest firmware version. You can update your controller by connecting it to your Xbox One console via a USB cable and following the on-screen prompts to update the firmware.
2. Enable Bluetooth: On your mobile device, navigate to the settings menu and enable Bluetooth. This allows your phone to discover and connect to Bluetooth devices such as your Xbox One controller.
3. Put Your Controller into Pairing Mode: To put your Xbox One controller into pairing mode, press and hold the Xbox button in the center of the controller and simultaneously press the pairing button located on the top of the controller. The Xbox button will start flashing to indicate that the controller is in pairing mode.
4. Connect Your Controller to Your Phone: Open the Bluetooth settings on your phone and scan for available devices. You should see your Xbox One controller listed in the available devices. Tap on it to initiate the pairing process.
5. Confirm and Complete the Pairing Process: Once you’ve selected your Xbox One controller, your phone will attempt to establish a Bluetooth connection. Follow any on-screen prompts to confirm the pairing process. Once the pairing is successful, your controller will be connected to your phone.
Now that your Xbox One controller is paired with your phone, you can enjoy a console-like gaming experience with the Xbox Game Streaming app. The controller provides precise input and responsive controls, allowing you to fully immerse yourself in your favorite games.
It’s important to note that the Xbox One controller can only be connected to one device at a time. If you want to switch from your phone to another device, such as your Xbox One console or a Windows PC, make sure to unpair the controller from your phone before connecting it to the new device.
With your Xbox One controller successfully paired, you’re now ready to connect your phone to the same Wi-Fi network as your Xbox One console. This will ensure a stable and reliable connection between your devices, allowing for smooth gameplay and minimal latency. We’ll cover this step in the next section.
Connect Your Phone to the Same Wi-Fi Network as Your Xbox One
In order to establish a robust connection for Xbox Game Streaming, it’s crucial to connect your phone to the same Wi-Fi network as your Xbox One console. This ensures a stable and seamless streaming experience. Follow these steps to connect your devices to the same Wi-Fi network:
1. Enable Wi-Fi on Your Phone: Open the settings menu on your mobile device and navigate to the Wi-Fi settings. Enable Wi-Fi if it’s not already turned on.
2. Find Your Wi-Fi Network: Browse the available Wi-Fi networks and locate the network that your Xbox One console is connected to. This may be the same network that you use for other devices in your household.
3. Connect to the Wi-Fi Network: Tap on the Wi-Fi network that your Xbox One console is connected to. If the network requires a password, enter it when prompted. Your phone will now attempt to connect to the network.
4. Verify the Connection: Once you’ve successfully connected to the Wi-Fi network, proceed to verify the connection. Open a web browser on your phone and load a web page to ensure that you have internet access and a stable connection.
5. Confirm Wi-Fi Connection on Xbox One: On your Xbox One console, navigate to the settings menu. Select “Network” and then “Network Settings.” Check the network name displayed to confirm that it matches the Wi-Fi network to which your phone is connected. If the network names match, you are connected to the same Wi-Fi network as your Xbox One console.
By connecting your phone and Xbox One console to the same Wi-Fi network, you establish a direct and reliable connection for game streaming. This ensures minimal latency and a smooth gaming experience across your devices.
If your Xbox One console is connected to the Wi-Fi network using a wired connection, you’ll need to ensure that your phone is connected to the same network. This can typically be achieved by connecting your phone to the Wi-Fi network provided by your home router.
In cases where you don’t have access to a Wi-Fi network, such as when you’re on the go, you can use mobile hotspot functionality to create a Wi-Fi hotspot with your mobile device. However, be mindful of data usage and ensure that your mobile data plan supports streaming games.
With your phone and Xbox One console now connected to the same Wi-Fi network, the next step is to sign in to the Xbox Game Streaming app using your Xbox Live account. We’ll cover this step in the next section, so you can get ready to start streaming your favorite games to your phone.
Sign in to the Xbox Game Streaming App
Now that you’ve installed the Xbox Game Streaming app and paired your Xbox One controller with your phone, the next step is to sign in to the app using your Xbox Live account. Signing in allows you to access your gaming library and enjoy the full features of Xbox Game Streaming. Follow these steps to sign in:
1. Open the Xbox Game Streaming App: Locate the Xbox Game Streaming app on your phone’s home screen or in the app drawer. Tap on the app icon to open it.
2. Enter Your Xbox Live Account Credentials: On the app’s login screen, you’ll see fields to enter your email address and password associated with your Xbox Live account. Type in your credentials carefully to ensure accuracy.
3. Tap “Sign In”: Once you’ve entered your email and password, tap the “Sign In” button. The app will verify your credentials and sign you in to your Xbox Live account.
4. Confirm Additional Security Measures (if applicable): Depending on your account settings, you may be prompted to perform additional security measures, such as entering a verification code sent to your email or phone number associated with your Xbox Live account. Follow the instructions on the screen to complete any necessary verification steps.
5. Accept Terms and Conditions (if prompted): If this is your first time signing in to the Xbox Game Streaming app, you may be asked to accept the app’s terms and conditions. Read through the terms and conditions carefully, and if you agree, tap the appropriate button to accept them.
6. Explore Your Gaming Library: After successfully signing in, you’ll have access to your gaming library and various features of the Xbox Game Streaming app. Browse through your games, take advantage of personalized recommendations, and discover new titles to play.
Signing in to the Xbox Game Streaming app with your Xbox Live account allows you to sync your game progress and achievements across devices. You can continue playing your saved games seamlessly from your Xbox console to your phone and vice versa.
Remember to keep your Xbox Live account credentials secure and avoid sharing them with others. This ensures the privacy and security of your gaming identity and personal information.
Now that you’re signed in and ready to go, it’s time to set up remote play on your Xbox One console. We’ll cover this step in the next section to ensure a smooth streaming experience from your console to your phone.
Set Up Remote Play on Your Xbox One
To enable remote play on your Xbox One console and stream games to your phone, you’ll need to set up remote play from the console settings. Follow these steps to get your console ready for remote play:
1. Open the Xbox Settings Menu: Power on your Xbox One console and navigate to the home screen. From there, press the Xbox button on your controller to open the guide. Scroll right to access the “Profile & System” tab, and select “Settings” to open the settings menu.
2. Access the Devices & Connections Menu: In the settings menu, select the “Devices & Connections” option. This submenu contains various settings related to device connections and peripherals.
3. Enable Remote Features: Under the “Devices & Connections” menu, select “Remote Features.” In this menu, you’ll find the option to enable remote play on your Xbox One console. Turn on the toggle switch next to “Enable Remote Features” to activate remote play.
4. Configure Power Settings: It is recommended to configure your power settings to enable remote play when your Xbox One console is in Instant-On mode. This ensures that you can connect to your console and start streaming games even when it’s in standby mode.
5. Connect Your Xbox Account: To enable remote play, your Xbox Live account needs to be connected to your console. In the “Remote Features” menu, select “Enable Remote Console.” Follow any on-screen prompts to connect your Xbox Live account to your console.
6. Verify Console Connectivity: Ensure that your Xbox One console is connected to the internet and has a stable network connection. This is crucial for remote play to work smoothly. If you have a wired internet connection, make sure the Ethernet cable is securely connected to your console.
7. Update Console if Needed: If there are any pending updates for your Xbox One console, follow the on-screen instructions to update it to the latest software version. Keeping your console updated ensures optimal performance and compatibility with remote play.
Setting up remote play on your Xbox One console allows you to connect to it from your phone and stream games seamlessly. Now that your console is ready, you’re just a few steps away from starting your gaming sessions on your mobile device.
Before you begin streaming games, make sure your Xbox One console is powered on or in Instant-On mode. Additionally, ensure that your phone and console are connected to the same Wi-Fi network for a stable and low-latency connection.
Once you’re confident that everything is set up correctly, it’s time to launch the Xbox Game Streaming app on your phone and start streaming games from your Xbox One to your mobile device. Get ready to experience the thrill of playing console-quality games wherever you go.
Start Streaming Games to Your Phone
With everything set up and ready to go, you’re now just moments away from streaming your favorite Xbox games to your phone. Follow these steps to start streaming games from your Xbox One console to your mobile device:
1. Launch the Xbox Game Streaming App: Open the Xbox Game Streaming app on your phone. You’ll see the app’s interface, showcasing your game library and various features.
2. Browse Your Game Library: Use the app to browse through your game library. You’ll find a list of the games that you own on your Xbox One console. Scroll through the library and select the game you want to play. You can also use the search function to find a specific game.
3. Start Streaming: Once you’ve selected a game, tap on it to initiate the streaming process. The game will start streaming from your Xbox One console to your phone. Depending on your network connection and game size, there might be a short loading time.
4. Play the Game: Once the game has loaded, you’ll be able to play it on your phone using your paired Xbox One controller. Enjoy a seamless gaming experience as you control the game just as you would on the Xbox console.
5. Adjust Streaming Settings (optional): The Xbox Game Streaming app provides options to adjust the streaming quality to suit your network conditions. If you’re experiencing lag or a poor connection, you can lower the streaming quality to improve performance. Access the settings within the app to make any necessary adjustments.
6. Interact with the Xbox Console: While streaming a game, you can still interact with your Xbox console through the Xbox Game Streaming app. This includes using the app to pause or navigate the Xbox dashboard, manage game downloads, and access additional console settings.
With game streaming, you have the flexibility to play your favorite Xbox games anytime, anywhere, as long as you have a stable internet connection. Whether you’re at home or on the go, you can enjoy console-quality gaming right in the palm of your hand.
Remember, streaming games to your phone relies on a stable Wi-Fi network connection. It’s best to connect your phone to a high-speed Wi-Fi network to ensure optimal performance and minimize latency. Using a wired connection for your Xbox One console can also improve the streaming experience.
Now that you know how to start streaming games to your phone, it’s time to customize your Xbox Game Streaming experience. Explore the app’s features, discover new games, and make the most out of the convenience and portability that game streaming offers.
Customizing the Xbox Game Streaming Experience
The Xbox Game Streaming app offers various customization options that allow you to tailor your gaming experience to your preferences. From adjusting streaming quality to managing notifications, take advantage of these features to enhance your gameplay. Here are some ways you can customize the Xbox Game Streaming experience:
1. Streaming Quality: Depending on your network conditions, you can adjust the streaming quality to optimize performance. If you’re experiencing lag or a slow connection, consider lowering the streaming quality in the app’s settings. On the other hand, if you have a high-speed internet connection, you can choose a higher streaming quality for a more visually immersive experience.
2. Controller Settings: The Xbox Game Streaming app provides options to customize the functionality of your Xbox One controller. You can remap buttons or even enable game-specific control schemes for certain games. Explore the app’s controller settings to adjust the controls to your liking and to suit your preferred gaming style.
3. Notifications: You have control over the notifications you receive while gaming. You can choose to enable or disable in-game notifications, such as achievements or invites. Adjusting these settings allows you to minimize distractions and fully immerse yourself in the game.
4. Game Library Organization: The Xbox Game Streaming app lets you organize your game library for easy access. You can create categories or groups to categorize your games based on genres, favorites, or any other criteria that helps you find your games quickly. This feature comes in handy especially if you have a large collection of Xbox games.
5. Streaming Controls and Gestures: Familiarize yourself with the streaming controls and gestures available within the app. For example, you can use swipe gestures or on-screen buttons to perform actions such as navigating menus, accessing the Xbox toolbar, or adjusting audio settings. Experiment with these controls to find the gestures that work best for you.
6. Game Streaming Accessories: To further enhance your game streaming experience, consider exploring additional accessories. Accessories such as smartphone game clips, controller grips, or Bluetooth headphones can optimize comfort and convenience while playing games on your phone. These accessories can be easily found online or in gaming retailers.
Remember, the customizations you make within the Xbox Game Streaming app are specific to your mobile device. They won’t affect the settings on your Xbox One console or other devices. Feel free to experiment with different settings to find the combination that suits your preferences.
By customizing the Xbox Game Streaming experience, you can tailor it to your liking and optimize your gameplay. Take advantage of these customization options to create a personalized gaming experience that suits your gaming style and preferences.
Now that you know how to customize your Xbox Game Streaming experience, troubleshoot common issues, and explore the exciting world of game streaming without limits!
Troubleshooting Common Issues
While Xbox Game Streaming offers a seamless gaming experience, there may be times when you encounter certain issues. Here are some common problems you might encounter and troubleshooting steps to resolve them:
1. Lag or Stuttering: If you experience lag or stuttering during game streaming, check your network connection. Make sure you have a stable and reliable Wi-Fi connection, as an unstable or weak connection can affect the streaming quality. Consider moving closer to your Wi-Fi router or optimizing your network setup to improve signal strength and reduce interference.
2. Poor Video Quality: If the video quality of your game streaming is lower than expected, check your network bandwidth. Insufficient bandwidth can result in reduced video quality. Close any bandwidth-intensive applications or devices that might be consuming a significant portion of your internet speed. You can also adjust the streaming quality settings in the Xbox Game Streaming app to a lower resolution for smoother performance on slower connections.
3. Input Lag: Input lag refers to the delay between pressing a button on your controller and seeing the corresponding action on the screen. Input lag can be caused by various factors, including network latency and device performance. To minimize input lag, ensure that your Xbox One console is connected to the same Wi-Fi network as your phone and that both devices have a stable network connection. Also, consider restarting your console and phone to clear any temporary issues that may be affecting performance.
4. Controller Connectivity: If you’re experiencing issues with your Xbox One controller connection, ensure that your controller is up to date with the latest firmware. Connect your controller to your Xbox One console via a USB cable to perform any necessary updates. Additionally, ensure that your controller is properly paired with your phone and connected via Bluetooth. If the problem persists, try unpairing and re-pairing the controller with your phone.
5. App Crashes or Freezes: If the Xbox Game Streaming app crashes or freezes, make sure that you have the latest version of the app installed on your phone. Check for any available updates in your app store and install them if necessary. Restarting the app or rebooting your phone can also help resolve app-related issues. If the problem persists, uninstall and reinstall the app to ensure a fresh installation.
6. Audio Issues: If you’re experiencing audio problems during game streaming, check your device’s audio settings. Ensure that the volume is turned up and that the audio is not muted or on silent mode. If you’re using headphones or external speakers, ensure they are properly connected and working. You can also try adjusting the audio settings within the Xbox Game Streaming app to see if that resolves the issue.
If you encounter any other issues or problems that are not addressed here, it’s always helpful to check the FAQs or support resources provided by Xbox or the Xbox Game Streaming app. These resources may have specific troubleshooting steps or solutions for known issues.
Remember, troubleshooting steps may vary depending on your specific device, software version, and network setup. If the issue persists, reach out to Xbox support for further assistance and guidance.
By following these troubleshooting steps, you can overcome common issues and ensure a smooth and enjoyable gaming experience while using Xbox Game Streaming on your phone.
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)
Here are some frequently asked questions about Xbox Game Streaming:
Q: Can I use Xbox Game Streaming on my iPhone?
A: As of now, Xbox Game Streaming is only available on Android devices. Unfortunately, it is not supported on iPhones or other iOS devices.
Q: Can I use any Android device for Xbox Game Streaming?
A: Android devices running Android 6.0 or later, with Bluetooth 4.0 support, are compatible with Xbox Game Streaming. However, for the best experience, it is recommended to use a device with a powerful processor and a high-quality display.
Q: Does Xbox Game Streaming require an Xbox Live Gold subscription?
A: No, Xbox Game Streaming does not require an Xbox Live Gold subscription. However, some online multiplayer games may require a separate subscription or in-app purchases.
Q: Can I stream games when I’m away from home?
A: Yes, you can stream games to your phone from your Xbox One console when you are away from home as long as both your phone and console are connected to the internet. Keep in mind that a reliable and stable network connection is important for smooth gameplay.
Q: Does Xbox Game Streaming support multiplayer gaming?
A: Yes, Xbox Game Streaming supports multiplayer gaming. You can play multiplayer games online with friends and other players, just like you would on your Xbox One console.
Q: Can I use mobile data to stream games?
A: It is possible to use mobile data to stream games, but be aware that game streaming utilizes a significant amount of data. Ensure that your mobile data plan supports this type of usage and consider monitoring your data usage to avoid exceeding data caps or incurring additional charges.
Q: Can I connect multiple controllers to my phone for local multiplayer?
A: Xbox Game Streaming currently supports connecting only one controller to your phone at a time. Local multiplayer may not be possible unless the game itself supports multiple players using different controllers connected directly to the console.
Q: Can I use Xbox Game Streaming on a tablet?
A: Yes, Xbox Game Streaming is compatible with Android tablets that meet the system requirements. Tablets can provide a larger display and more comfortable gaming experience compared to smaller smartphones.
If you have further questions or need additional information, be sure to check the official Xbox website, support forums, or contact Xbox customer support for assistance.
Now that you have more clarity on Xbox Game Streaming through these FAQs, you’ll be better equipped to embark on your gaming adventures.