How To Change From Points To Electronic Distributor

What is a Distributor?

A distributor is a crucial component of a combustion engine, specifically in older vehicles that utilize a traditional ignition system. Its main function is to route high voltage currents from the ignition coil to each spark plug in the correct firing order. This synchronized delivery of sparks ensures proper combustion and engine performance.

The distributor consists of several key parts, including the distributor cap, rotor, ignition coil, points, and condenser. The distributor cap houses the terminals where the spark plug wires connect. The rotor, which rotates inside the cap, distributes the high voltage current to each wire while the ignition coil generates the electrical charge required for the spark.

In older ignition systems, points and condensers are used to control the timing of the spark. The points, typically made of tungsten or platinum, open and close to create an electrical circuit, firing the spark plugs at the right moment. The condenser, on the other hand, assists in preventing arcing and extends the life of the points.

While distributors have been a reliable ignition component for many years, advancements in technology have introduced electronic ignition systems that offer various benefits over the traditional points system.

An electronic distributor, also known as an electronic ignition system, replaces the points and condenser with a solid-state ignition module. This module uses sensors to determine the engine’s position and speed, allowing for precise and reliable ignition timing. The electronic distributor offers improved ignition performance, reduced maintenance requirements, and increased fuel efficiency.

As automotive technology continues to advance, electronic distributors have become the standard in newer vehicles. However, older vehicles equipped with points distributors can be upgraded to electronic ignition systems, providing a significant improvement in engine performance and reliability.

Components of a Distributor

A distributor is composed of several key components that work together to ensure proper ignition timing and spark delivery. Understanding the different parts of a distributor is essential for both maintenance and upgrading purposes. Let’s take a closer look at the main components:

Distributor Cap: The distributor cap is a plastic or metal cover that sits on top of the distributor. It houses the terminals where the spark plug wires connect. Inside the cap, there are individual contact points for each cylinder’s spark plug wire.
Rotor: The rotor is a small disc-shaped component located inside the distributor cap. It is attached to the distributor shaft and rotates as the engine runs. The rotor has metal contacts that align with the terminals on the distributor cap, allowing the high voltage current to be transferred to each spark plug wire.
Ignition Coil: The ignition coil is responsible for generating high voltage electrical energy that is needed to create a spark at the spark plugs. It takes the low voltage electricity from the battery and converts it into a much higher voltage, typically between 20,000 to 50,000 volts, which is then sent to the distributor cap.
Points: In older ignition systems, points are used to control the timing of the spark. Points are usually made of tungsten or platinum and are located inside the distributor. They consist of a stationary contact and a movable contact that open and close as the distributor shaft rotates. When the points close, it completes the circuit and allows the ignition coil to send a spark to the spark plugs.
Condenser: The condenser, also known as a capacitor, is connected to the points inside the distributor. Its main function is to help prevent arcing at the points when they open, which can cause premature wear and decrease ignition performance. The condenser stores energy from the ignition coil and releases it when the points close, ensuring a strong spark.

These are the primary components of a distributor in a traditional points ignition system. Each component plays a crucial role in ensuring the proper distribution of sparks to the spark plugs, which is vital for the engine’s performance and smooth operation.

Why Change from Points to Electronic Distributor?

There are several compelling reasons to consider upgrading from a traditional points distributor to an electronic distributor. While points ignition systems have served vehicles well for decades, electronic distributors offer significant advantages in terms of performance, reliability, and maintenance. Let’s explore the key reasons for making this change:

Improved Ignition Performance: One of the primary benefits of electronic distributors is their ability to provide more precise and consistent ignition timing. Electronic systems use sensors to accurately determine the engine’s position and speed, ensuring that the spark is delivered at the optimal moment. This results in improved engine performance, smoother idle, enhanced fuel efficiency, and reduced emissions.
Increased Reliability: Unlike points that can wear and degrade over time, electronic distributors have no moving parts. This means that the risk of points wearing out or failing is eliminated. Electronic ignition systems are highly reliable and can provide a consistent spark, even under demanding driving conditions. This increased reliability translates to a more dependable ignition system and fewer instances of engine misfires and stalling.
Reduced Maintenance: Points ignition systems require regular maintenance to maintain optimal performance. This includes cleaning and adjusting the points, replacing the condenser, and checking the distributor cap and rotor for wear. Electronic distributors, on the other hand, require minimal maintenance. Once installed, they generally operate trouble-free, with no need for periodic adjustments or part replacements.
Easier Starting: Electronic distributors provide a stronger and more reliable spark, which makes starting the engine easier, especially in cold weather. The improved ignition performance ensures consistent spark delivery, allowing the engine to start quickly and smoothly every time.
Compatibility with Modern Ignition Systems: Upgrading to an electronic distributor opens up the possibility of using modern ignition systems, such as coil-on-plug setups or aftermarket ignition modules. These advanced systems can further improve ignition performance and allow for easy integration with other engine management components, such as electronic fuel injection systems.

Overall, changing from a points distributor to an electronic distributor is a worthwhile investment for older vehicles. The benefits of improved ignition performance, increased reliability, reduced maintenance, easier starting, and compatibility with modern ignition systems make it a valuable upgrade that can enhance both the driving experience and the longevity of the engine.

Tools and Materials Needed

Before undertaking the task of changing from a points distributor to an electronic distributor, it is essential to gather the necessary tools and materials. Having the right equipment on hand will make the process smoother and more efficient. Here is a list of what you will need:

Wrench Set: A set of wrenches will be needed to loosen and tighten various bolts and nuts during the installation process.
Screwdriver Set: A set of screwdrivers, both flathead and Phillips, will be necessary to remove and install screws and other fasteners.
Socket Set: A socket set with a ratchet will be used to remove and install various nuts and bolts, including those holding the distributor in place.
Timing Light: A timing light is a crucial tool for setting the ignition timing accurately. It allows you to adjust the timing to the recommended specifications for optimal engine performance.
Electronic Distributor: Of course, you will need an electronic distributor to complete the conversion. Choose a distributor that is compatible with your specific vehicle make, model, and engine.
Ignition Coil: Depending on the type of electronic distributor you choose, you may also need to replace the ignition coil. Ensure it is compatible with the distributor and suitable for your engine’s ignition system.
Distributor Cap and Rotor: It is recommended to replace the distributor cap and rotor when upgrading to an electronic distributor. This ensures optimal performance and reduces the risk of issues arising from worn or faulty components.
Spark Plug Wires: In some cases, it may be advisable to replace the spark plug wires during the distributor conversion. This is especially true if the existing wires are old, worn, or showing signs of deterioration.
Dielectric Grease: Applying dielectric grease to the spark plug wire terminals and other electrical connections helps prevent moisture and corrosion, ensuring a reliable electrical connection.

These are the essential tools and materials needed to change from a points distributor to an electronic distributor. Having everything ready before starting the installation process will save time and ensure a successful conversion.

Step-by-Step Instructions: Removing the Points Distributor

Changing from a points distributor to an electronic distributor requires a systematic approach to ensure a smooth and successful conversion. Here are the step-by-step instructions to remove the points distributor:

Disconnect the Battery: Before starting any work, disconnect the vehicle’s battery to ensure safety and prevent any accidental electrical arcing.
Mark the Position: Use a marker to make reference marks on the distributor body and engine block to precisely note the initial position of the distributor. This will help during the installation of the new distributor.
Disconnect Wiring: Label and disconnect all the wiring connected to the points distributor. This includes the spark plug wires, coil wire, and any other electrical connections.
Remove the Distributor Cap: Unscrew the fasteners that hold the distributor cap in place. Gently lift off the cap, exposing the rotor and interior components.
Disconnect the Ignition Wires: Once the distributor cap is removed, disconnect the ignition wires from the rotor. Take note of their positions or label them to ensure correct reinstallation later.
Loosen the Locking Bolt: Locate the locking bolt or clamp that secures the distributor to the engine block. Loosen it using the appropriate tools, such as a wrench or socket.
Remove the Distributor: With the locking bolt loosened, gently pull up on the distributor, rotating it slightly if necessary, until you can completely remove it from the engine block. Take care not to disturb the engine’s timing or damage any surrounding components.
Inspect the Points Distributor: Once the distributor is removed, inspect the points, condenser, distributor cap, and rotor for any signs of wear or damage. Replace any components that appear worn or faulty.
Prepare for Electronic Distributor Installation: Clean the mounting surface on the engine block, ensuring it is free of any debris or old gasket material. Take the time to review the installation instructions and prepare the new electronic distributor for installation.

By carefully following these step-by-step instructions, you can successfully remove the points distributor from your vehicle. Take your time, exercise caution, and refer to your vehicle’s specific service manual if needed. Once the points distributor is removed, you can proceed with installing the new electronic distributor.

Step-by-Step Instructions: Installing the Electronic Distributor

Once the points distributor has been successfully removed, you can proceed with the installation of the electronic distributor. Follow these step-by-step instructions to ensure a smooth and accurate installation:

Prepare the Electronic Distributor: Review the manufacturer’s instructions and prepare the electronic distributor for installation. This may involve installing the rotor, attaching the cap, and ensuring all necessary components are in place.
Align the New Distributor: Align the rotor on the new electronic distributor with the reference mark made on the engine block during the removal process. This ensures that the distributor is in the correct position for timing purposes.
Insert the New Distributor: Carefully lower the electronic distributor into the engine block, aligning it with the mounting location. Take care not to disturb the engine’s timing as you insert the distributor fully.
Engage the Locking Mechanism: With the distributor in place, engage the locking mechanism, whether it be a bolt or clamp. Begin by loosely tightening the locking mechanism, allowing for adjustment later during the timing process.
Connect the Ignition Wires: Connect the ignition wires to the appropriate terminals on the electronic distributor. Ensure that each wire is securely connected and matches the correct cylinder according to the firing order of the engine.
Install the Distributor Cap: Place the distributor cap over the electronic distributor, aligning it with the rotor. Secure the cap with the appropriate fasteners, ensuring a tight and secure fit.
Connect the Electrical Wiring: Reconnect all the wiring that was previously disconnected from the points distributor. This includes the spark plug wires, coil wire, and any other electrical connections specific to your vehicle.
Double-Check the Connections: Double-check all the connections to ensure they are secure and in the correct positions. Take a moment to review the installation and wiring diagrams to verify everything is in order.
Verify Ignition Timing: Use a timing light to verify and adjust the ignition timing, following the manufacturer’s instructions. Adjust the distributor as necessary to achieve the recommended timing for optimal engine performance.

By following these step-by-step instructions, you can confidently install the electronic distributor in your vehicle. Take your time, pay attention to detail, and consult your vehicle’s service manual or seek professional assistance if needed. Once the electronic distributor is installed and the ignition timing is verified, you can proceed with the final steps of the conversion process.

Final Steps and Considerations

After successfully installing the electronic distributor, there are a few final steps and considerations to ensure the conversion from a points distributor to an electronic distributor is complete. These steps will help ensure proper functionality and maximize the benefits of the upgrade:

Reconnect the Battery: After completing the installation and verifying the ignition timing, reconnect the vehicle’s battery. This will restore power to the electronic distributor and other electrical components.
Test the Ignition System: Start the engine and verify that the ignition system is functioning correctly. Listen for smooth engine operation and check for any signs of misfires or unusual behavior. Rev the engine and monitor its response to ensure it’s running smoothly under load.
Check for Timing Accuracy: Use a timing light to double-check the ignition timing. Ensure that the timing remains accurate and stable during idle and under various RPM ranges. Adjust the distributor as necessary to achieve optimal timing performance.
Inspect for Proper Clearance: Take a close look at the new electronic distributor and surrounding components. Ensure that there is sufficient clearance without any contact or interference with belts, hoses, or other engine parts. Make any necessary adjustments to ensure proper fitment.
Monitor Performance: During the initial use of the electronic distributor, closely monitor the engine’s performance. Pay attention to fuel efficiency, throttle response, and any improvements in engine smoothness. If there are any concerns or issues, consult a professional mechanic for further assistance.
Update Maintenance Records: Keep a record of the distributor conversion in the vehicle’s maintenance logs or records. Note the date, parts installed, and any adjustments made during the installation process. This will be helpful for future reference and maintenance purposes.
Regular Maintenance: While electronic distributors require less maintenance than points distributors, routine maintenance is still vital. Regularly inspect the distributor cap, rotor, and spark plug wires for any signs of wear or damage. Clean and replace components as needed to maintain optimal performance.
Consider Professional Assistance: If you haven’t performed this type of conversion before or are unsure about any step of the process, it may be wise to seek the assistance of a professional mechanic. They can ensure the proper installation and adjustment of the electronic distributor for your specific vehicle.

By following these final steps and considerations, you can complete the conversion from a points distributor to an electronic distributor successfully. Enjoy the benefits of improved ignition performance, increased reliability, and reduced maintenance that come with this upgrade.