Introducing the 13 Unbelievable Ear Cleaning Endoscope for 2023—a revolutionary collection of cutting-edge devices designed to enhance and simplify the process of ear cleaning. These innovative endoscopes utilize advanced technology to provide an unprecedented level of visibility into the delicate ear canal, allowing users to effectively and safely remove excess wax and debris. With high-definition imaging and adjustable LED lights, these endoscopes offer an unparalleled level of precision and comfort. Whether you are a healthcare professional or an individual seeking a reliable and efficient solution for ear care, these exceptional devices are set to revolutionize the way we approach ear cleaning in 2023.
Overall Score: 8.5/10
The Ear Wax Removal kit is a comprehensive tool that allows you to effectively clean your ears. It features a 1080P HD camera with a wide-angle lens and LED lights, providing a clear image and video. The kit includes 5 ear spoons with spiral construction, making them stay firmly in place and preventing discomfort. It is compatible with both Android and iOS devices, and the setup is straightforward. The device is rechargeable and has a long standby time. It also comes with multiple accessories for different uses. With its high customer rating, this kit offers a valuable solution for ear cleaning needs.
Key Features
- 1080P HD & 360° Wide Angle Ear Camera
- Upgraded Ear Cleaner Scoop
- Support Android & i OS Devices
- Rechargeable & Long Standby
- Valued Earwax Removal Kit
Specifications
- Color: Black
- Dimension: 5.51Lx0.59Wx0.59H
- Size: Classic Black
Pros
- High-quality camera with clear image and video
- Comfortable and safe to use
- Compatible with Android and i OS devices
- Long battery life
- Comes with multiple accessories for various uses
Cons
- App setup instructions could be more detailed
- App may experience occasional freezes
The Ear Wax Removal kit is a highly recommended tool for effective ear cleaning. It offers a clear and comprehensive view of the ear canal with its high-quality camera and wide-angle lens. The kit’s rechargeable battery provides long standby time, making it convenient to use. Additionally, the multiple ear spoons and other accessories ensure that all ear cleaning needs are met. While the app setup could be improved and occasional freezes may occur, these minor drawbacks do not overshadow the quality and functionality of the device. Overall, this kit is an excellent investment for maintaining ear hygiene and is suitable for both personal and family use.
Overall Score: 9/10
The Ear Wax Removal Endoscope Otoscope is a handy tool that allows you to safely and accurately remove earwax. It features a 1080P FHD camera and 6 LED lights that provide a clear view of your ear canal. The endoscope is equipped with a constant temperature system to prevent any discomfort or injury. It is compatible with iPhone, iPad, Android smartphones, and tablets, making it versatile and easy to use. The device comes with a rechargeable 250mAh battery that lasts up to 30 days and a user-friendly app that allows you to check the battery level. With its stylish design and high-quality features, this otoscope is a must-have for anyone dealing with earwax issues.
Key Features
- 1080P FHD camera for clear visualization
- Safe and soft ear spoon for gentle earwax removal
- 360° wide-angle view for reduced misoperations
- 6 LED lights for adequate ear illumination
- Compatible with a wide range of devices
- High-quality rechargeable 250m Ah battery
Specifications
- Color: White
- Size: 1 Count (Pack of 1)
Pros
- Clear and safe earwax removal
- Easy-to-use interface and app
- Long-lasting rechargeable battery
- Versatile compatibility with different devices
Cons
- Switching Wi-Fi networks during use
- Limited camera clarity at times
- Short battery life in some cases
The Ear Wax Removal Endoscope Otoscope is an excellent tool for those dealing with earwax issues. Its high-resolution camera and LED lights offer a clear view of the ear canal, ensuring safe and accurate removal. The rechargeable battery provides long-lasting usage, and the user-friendly interface makes it easy to operate. While there may be some minor drawbacks, such as network switching and occasional camera clarity issues, these are overshadowed by the overall effectiveness and convenience of the device. Whether you need to clean your ears or check your pet’s ears, this otoscope is a reliable and affordable option.
Overall Score: 8.2/10
The NiceBirdie Ear Wax Removal Tool is a revolutionary device that allows you to easily and safely remove earwax using its built-in camera and light. With a 360° wide-angle camera and 1080P HD resolution, you can see the ear canal clearly and effectively remove earwax. The ear cleaner is made of soft silicone material, making it comfortable and safe to use for adults and children. It is rechargeable, portable, and compatible with both Android and iOS applications. The kit also makes a perfect gift for family and friends. Overall, the NiceBirdie Ear Wax Removal Tool is a must-have for anyone who wants a convenient and effective way to clean their ears.
Key Features
- 360°Wide Angle and 1080P HD Ear Camera
- Soft and User-friendly
- Rechargeable and Portable
- Easy to Operate and Widely Compatible
- Perfect Gift and Worry-free Shopping
Specifications
- N/A
Pros
- 360° wide-angle camera for clear visualization
- Soft silicone material for comfort and safety
- Rechargeable battery for convenience
- Compatible with Android and i OS applications
- Great gift idea with customer satisfaction guarantee
Cons
- Some users reported poor camera quality
- Associated app may have stability issues
- Slowness in camera movement
The NiceBirdie Ear Wax Removal Tool is a game-changer for managing ear health. Its camera and app feature provide invaluable insights and control. The tool’s safety features ensure gentle insertion without harm. With customizable attachments and proactive ear care, it offers a reliable solution for ear wax removal. Although there are some minor drawbacks like occasional camera issues and a slow interface, the overall performance and convenience of this device make it a worthwhile investment. Say goodbye to ineffective ear cleaning methods and hello to a safer, more effective approach with the NiceBirdie Ear Wax Removal Tool.
Overall Score: 8/10
The Bebird Ear Wax Removal Tool Camera is a 3-in-1 ear cleaning kit equipped with an endoscope, tweezers, and ear pick. It features a high-definition camera with LED light to provide a clear view of the ear for easy observation and cleaning of ear wax. The tool is compatible with both Android and iOS devices and can be connected via WiFi. It has a high-quality robotic arm for gentle and effective cleaning without irritating the ear. The device comes with a one-year warranty and 24/7 customer support. With its innovative features and user-friendly design, the Bebird Ear Wax Removal Tool Camera is an excellent choice for anyone in need of ear cleaning.
Key Features
- Upgraded 3-in-1 Visual Ear Wax Removal Tool
- HD Ear Camera and LED Light
- Supports Android and i OS Devices
- High-quality Robotic Arm for Gentle Cleaning
- One-year Warranty and 24/7 Customer Support
Specifications
- Color: White
Pros
- High-quality camera with clear view
- Easy to connect to devices via Wi Fi
- Gentle and effective cleaning without irritation
- One-year warranty for peace of mind
- Excellent customer support
Cons
- Requires connecting to Bebird's own Wi Fi
- Device can become warm during use
- Circular base does not function as a charging base
- Safety ring needs to be removed to turn off the device
The Bebird Ear Wax Removal Tool Camera is a highly recommended device for those in need of effective and safe ear cleaning. It offers a clear and magnified view of the ear, allowing for precise cleaning with its high-quality robotic arm. The device is easy to connect to both Android and iOS devices via WiFi, and it comes with a one-year warranty and excellent customer support. Although it has a few minor drawbacks, such as the need to connect to Bebird’s WiFi and the device becoming warm during use, overall, the Bebird Ear Wax Removal Tool Camera provides a convenient and reliable solution for ear cleaning needs.
Overall Score: 8.2/10
The Ear Wax Removal Tool Camera is a smart and wireless earwax remover otoscope that allows for safe and easy cleaning of your ears. It features a high elastic soft silicone ear spoon to effectively remove earwax without scratching the ear canal. The kit is designed for a comfortable and reliable ear cleaning experience. With a larger battery capacity and IP67 waterproof grade, it offers a long standby time and easy cleaning. The tool supports a stable and wide compatibility app, allowing you to shoot smooth and stable shots to check ear health. It is suitable for both children and adults and comes with multiple earplug covers and a storage bottle. Overall, this ear wax removal tool camera provides a convenient and reliable solution for ear cleaning.
Key Features
- Safe and easy cleaning of your ears
- Larger battery capacity and humanized design
- Safe and stable app with wide compatibility
- Multiple applications and super stable Wi Fi
- Earwax removal kit included
Specifications
Pros
- Safe and effective ear cleaning
- Comfortable and reliable experience
- Easy to use and stable Wi Fi connection
- Suitable for children, adults, and pets
- Includes multiple earplug covers and storage bottle
Cons
- Tips are not replaceable
- Flimsy construction of the body
- Disorienting camera view in the app
- Silicone tip material is hard to clean
- Slow and inefficient earwax cleanup process
The Ear Wax Removal Tool Camera is a handy device for safe and effective ear cleaning. It offers a comfortable and reliable experience with its soft silicone ear spoon and stable app connection. The larger battery capacity and waterproof design make it convenient to use and clean. The multiple applications and wide compatibility ensure that it can be used by everyone in the family. However, the non-replaceable tips and flimsy construction of the body may be considered as drawbacks. The disorienting camera view in the app and difficulty in cleaning the silicone tip are additional drawbacks to consider. Overall, if you’re looking for a wireless ear wax removal tool with camera functionality, this product provides a good solution at an affordable price.
Overall Score: 8/10
The VOILAMART Ear Wax Removal Tool is a wireless WiFi ear cleaner with a 1296P FHD camera. It features a 360⁰ rotation screen for flexible viewing, providing a clear and sharp image. The tool is designed to reach deep into the ear canal comfortably and is suitable for all ages, including children, adults, and pets. It is also dustproof and waterproof with an IP67 grade lens. The earwax removal tool is easy to clean and comes with a built-in rechargeable battery. It is compatible with IOS, Android, and other systems, allowing users to check their ears, mouth, or nose with their phone or tablet. The tool also comes with a one-click design and the ability to save images and videos. If you encounter any issues, the customer support is available to provide assistance.
Key Features
- 1296P Fhd real-Time image
- Ultra light lens and constant temperature
- Dustproof & Waterproof
- One-Click design, Wide compatibility
Specifications
- Color: Black
- Dimension: 6.50Lx4.13Wx0.70H
Pros
- Clear and sharp image quality
- Comfortable and suitable for all ages
- Dustproof and waterproof design
- Easy to clean
- Wide compatibility with different devices
Cons
- Ear spoons may cause discomfort
- May consume Wi-Fi data
- Lack of instructions for using additional tools
- Device can get uncomfortably warm
The VOILAMART Ear Wax Removal Tool offers a convenient and technologically advanced solution for safely removing earwax. With its high-resolution camera and easy-to-use design, it provides a clear view of the ear canal. The tool’s compatibility with various devices and the ability to save images and videos make it versatile. However, some users may find the ear spoons uncomfortable and the device may consume Wi-Fi data. Additionally, the lack of instructions for the additional tools and the device getting warm after prolonged usage are minor drawbacks. Overall, this tool is a great addition to anyone’s personal care routine.
Overall Score: 8.2/10
Experience professional ear cleaning with the EGJoey Ear Wax Removal Tool. This innovative tool comes with a 1080P HD video endoscope and 6 LED lights, providing you with a clear view while removing earwax. The 3.9mm ultra-fine camera can reach deep into narrow ear canals, ensuring a thorough clean. With the silicone ear spoon, you can enjoy a comfortable and safe cleaning experience. The ear cleaner is compatible with all Android and iOS devices, making it convenient for everyone. It is rechargeable, providing 70 minutes of continuous usage. The package includes 9 silicone ear spoon tips, 8 stainless steel ear scoop sets, a charging cable, and an instruction manual. Give the gift of clean ears with this practical and thoughtful tool.
Key Features
- 1080P HD video endoscope
- 6 LED lights for clear view
- 3.9mm ultra-fine camera for thorough clean
- Silicone ear spoon for comfort and safety
- Broad compatibility with Android and i OS devices
- Rechargeable battery for continuous usage
- 9 different languages for the app
- Package includes various ear cleaning tools
Specifications
- Color: Black
- Dimension: 6.46Lx4.09Wx0.71H
Pros
- Professional ear cleaning at home
- Clear view with high-definition camera
- Comfortable and safe silicone ear spoon
- Compatible with all Android and i OS devices
- Long battery life and short charging time
- Multiple language support for the app
Cons
- Video feed may get choppy at times
- Connection may waver occasionally
- Softish end of attachable tips may come off
The EGJoey Ear Wax Removal Tool is a handy device for anyone looking for professional ear cleaning at home. With its high-definition camera and comfortable silicone ear spoon, it offers a safe and effective way to remove earwax. The broad compatibility with Android and iOS devices makes it convenient for use by anyone. The rechargeable battery ensures continuous usage, and the multiple language support for the app adds to its versatility. While there may be some minor issues with video feed and connection, overall, this tool provides great value for its price. Give the gift of clean ears with the EGJoey Ear Wax Removal Tool.
Overall Score: 8.2/10
The Ear Wax Removal Tool is a wireless earwax removal kit equipped with a 1080p HD camera and 6 LED lights to help you clean earwax more easily. It is compatible with iPhone, iPad, and Android devices. The kit includes elastic buckle ear spoons for easy use and has a 6-axis gyroscope for automatic focusing. With its safe rounded corner design, it can effectively clean earwax without scratching the ear. The tool has a built-in 350mAh rechargeable battery that provides 90 minutes of usage and 30 days of standby time. It is compact, portable, and suitable for travel. Overall, it is a convenient and efficient tool for ear cleaning.
Key Features
- 1080P HD Ear Camera with 6 LED Lights
- Wide Compatibility with Android and IOS devices
- Easy to Use with elastic buckle ear spoons
- 350m Ah battery for long usage time
- Upgraded Ear Spoon Safe Rounded Corner Design
Specifications
- Color: White
Pros
- High-quality video and bright lights for clear view
- Wireless and easy to use
- Good value for the money
Cons
- Occasional difficulty in connecting to devices
- Jittery movement of the camera
- Tricky to determine camera direction
The Ear Wax Removal Tool is a practical and reliable device for cleaning earwax. It offers high-definition imaging and easy-to-use features, making the process efficient and convenient. The wireless compatibility with both Android and iOS devices allows for seamless connectivity. The tool’s built-in battery provides long usage time, making it suitable for travel. However, there are some drawbacks such as occasional connectivity issues and jittery camera movement. Overall, it is a valuable tool for individuals looking for an effective and user-friendly solution for ear cleaning.
Overall Score: 9/10
The Ear Wax Removal Tool is an innovative device that combines ear cleaning with a 1080P camera, providing a clear view of the inner ear. Equipped with 6 LED lights, it ensures optimal visibility for effective wax removal. The silicone ear scoop covers offer comfort and prevent scratching the ear canal, while the stainless steel ear scoop adds durability to the tool. With the included 5 auxiliary accessories, it becomes a versatile otoscope suitable for examinations of teeth, nasal cavity, throat, and more. The built-in WIFI allows easy connectivity with Android and IOS devices through the 'E-enjoy' app. The tool's wide range of uses, combined with its safety, comfort, and privacy protection features, make it an excellent addition to your healthcare routine.
Key Features
- 1080P HD Ear Camera & 360°Wide Angle
- Safety and Comfort
- Privacy Protection
- Wide Range of Uses
- Ear Cleaning Kit Packing
Specifications
- Color: White
- Size: 6.5*3.5*0.75 Inch
Pros
- High-definition camera for clear visualization
- Comfortable and safe silicone ear scoop covers
- Stainless steel ear scoop for durability
- Compatible with Android and i OS devices
- Versatile use for various body parts
Cons
- Not recommended for children and pets on the move
- No internet access for built-in WIFI
- Requires following instructions before use
The Ear Wax Removal Tool is a must-have for anyone looking to maintain optimal ear hygiene. With its high-quality camera, comfortable design, and versatility, it offers a superior experience compared to traditional ear cleaning methods. The privacy protection and easy connectivity make it a convenient choice for users of different devices. However, it is essential to follow the instructions before use and avoid using it on children and pets who are on the move. Overall, this tool provides exceptional value and ensures a thorough, safe, and comfortable ear cleaning experience.
Overall Score: 8.5/10
Experience a new level of ear cleaning with the Ear Scope, Ear Wax Removal Tool Camera. Equipped with a high-quality 1080P camera and 6 LEDs, this wireless otoscope provides clear and realistic images for effective ear cleaning while ensuring safety. Made of comfortable silicone material, it is perfect for both adults and children. The device features a long battery life and an IP67 waterproof camera, making it suitable for indoor, outdoor, and travel use. Compatible with iOS and Android devices, it also comes with wide application potential. With this wireless otoscope, you can easily monitor and remove earwax, check teeth, nose, scalp roots, and other body parts of people and pets. Say goodbye to blurry images and unnecessary doctor visits!
Key Features
- FHD 1080P Camera & 360° Recognization
- Safe & Comfortable
- Long Battery Life & IP67 Waterproof Camera
- Wide Application & Compatibility
Specifications
- Color: White
Pros
- Provides clear and realistic images for effective ear cleaning
- Made of high-quality silicone material for comfort
- Long battery life and IP67 waterproof camera for versatile use
- Compatible with i OS and Android devices for wide application
Cons
- Image may become blurry after extended use
- Transparent clips can be difficult to attach securely
The Ear Scope, Ear Wax Removal Tool Camera offers an innovative and convenient solution for ear cleaning. With its high-quality camera, comfortable design, and wide compatibility, it provides users with clear and realistic images for effective earwax removal. The long battery life and waterproof camera make it suitable for various settings, while the ability to connect to both iOS and Android devices expands its application potential. Although there may be some issues with image blurriness over time and attaching the transparent clips securely, the overall performance and versatility of this wireless otoscope make it a valuable addition to your ear care routine, potentially saving you unnecessary doctor visits and providing a more interactive and informative experience.
Overall Score: 8.5/10
The Ear Wax Removal Tool is a versatile otoscope camera that allows users to easily clean their ears and inspect various body parts. With its 0.3MP pixels, it provides clear vision for capturing detailed ear photos on both computers and mobile phones. The camera is equipped with 6 LED lights for illumination in dark environments. The kit includes several accessories, such as a plastic ear clip, ring earplug, and oral mirror. Suitable for adults, children, and even pets, this tool is perfect for everyday care and addressing earwax concerns. Compact and easy to use, it offers a convenient solution for ear cleaning and maintenance.
Key Features
- Clear vision ear picking with 0.3MP camera
- Suitable for adults, children, and pets
- Multiple applicable scenarios for daily care
- Easy-to-use with adjustable LED lights
- Comes with a variety of accessories
Specifications
- N/A
Pros
- Clear and detailed ear photos on computer and phone
- Versatile for various body parts and cleaning needs
- Compact and portable design
- Adjustable LED lights for dark environments
- Includes a range of useful accessories
Cons
- Limited specifications information provided
The Ear Wax Removal Tool is a convenient and effective solution for ear cleaning and inspection. With its clear vision capabilities and versatile usage, users can easily capture detailed ear photos and address various concerns. It is suitable for individuals of all ages and even pets, making it a practical tool for every household. The adjustable LED lights ensure visibility in dark places, while the included accessories enhance the overall experience. Although the lack of detailed specifications may be a drawback, the tool’s performance and functionality make it a reliable choice for ear care.
Overall Score: 6/10
The Otoscope,Ear Endoscope,Ear Wax Removal Tool is a versatile 3-in-1 ear scope that allows you to easily inspect your ears, oral cavity, throat, and more. It features a 720P HD waterproof camera with 6 adjustable LED lights, providing bright and clear visuals. With its 3 plug types, it can connect to Android smartphones with OTG and UVC function, Android smartphones/tablets with micro USB port, and Windows/Mac PCs or laptops with USB port. The camera head is waterproof and can be easily cleaned with Isopropyl alcohol. This ear scope is easy to use and install, with different apps and drivers for different devices. It is a multi-functional tool that is perfect for both personal and professional use.
Key Features
- 3-in-1 design with USB endoscope borescope
- 6 adjustable LED lights and HD camera
- IP67 waterproof and anti-scaled chip design
- Easy to use and install with different apps/drivers
- Multi-functional for inspecting various body parts
Specifications
- Color: Black
- Dimension: 7.87Lx3.94Wx1.18H
Pros
- Versatile and multi-functional tool
- Clear and high-resolution visuals
- Easy to use with different devices
- Waterproof and easy to clean
- Comes with a cleaning kit
Cons
- Not compatible with IOS devices
- Some difficulties with app installation
- No hole on the handle for inserting the metal ear pick
The Otoscope,Ear Endoscope,Ear Wax Removal Tool is a useful and versatile device for inspecting various body parts. Despite some compatibility issues and difficulties with app installation, the tool itself provides clear and high-resolution visuals. It is easy to use and can be connected to different devices. The waterproof design and included cleaning kit make it convenient to use and maintain. While it may have some limitations, overall, it is a valuable tool for personal and professional use.
Overall Score: 8.2/10
The Ear Wax Removal, Ear Cleaner with Camera is a wireless otoscope that helps you safely remove earwax and check for ear infections. Equipped with a 1080P HD camera and 5 strong LED lights, it provides clear images and videos. The 3.5mm ultra-slim lens allows easy access to the ear canal, making it suitable for both adults and children. The earwax remover is IP67 waterproof and comes with a rechargeable battery. It also features a unique blue-ray light function for cleaning. Compatible with most iOS and Android devices, this tool is a must-have for family health.
Key Features
- 1080P HD camera with LED lights
- 3.5mm ultra-slim lens for easy access
- IP67 waterproof and easy to clean
- Unique blue-ray light function for cleaning
- Compatible with i OS and Android devices
Specifications
- Color: Ear Wax Removal-pink
Pros
- Clear and realistic images and videos
- Suitable for both adults and children
- Waterproof and easy to clean
- Blue-ray light function for thorough cleaning
- Compatible with most i OS and Android devices
Cons
- Difficult to navigate at times
- May have connectivity issues with i Phones
The Ear Wax Removal, Ear Cleaner with Camera is an affordable and useful tool for safely removing earwax and checking for ear infections. It provides clear and realistic images, making the process easier. The ultra-slim lens allows easy access to the ear canal, and the blue-ray light function ensures thorough cleaning. However, some users may experience difficulty navigating the device, and it may have connectivity issues with iPhones. Overall, it is a handy device for maintaining ear health and can be a great gift for family and friends.
Buyer's Guide: Ear Cleaning Endoscope
Discover the world of ear cleaning endoscopes and unlock a new level of personal hygiene. With this buyer's guide, you will become well-versed in the features, benefits, and considerations when choosing the perfect ear cleaning endoscope for your needs. Let's dive in!
Benefits of Ear Cleaning Endoscopes
- Deep Cleaning: An ear cleaning endoscope allows you to see deep into your ear canal, ensuring a thorough cleaning experience.
- Easy and Safe: Traditional methods of ear cleaning can be risky and uncomfortable. An endoscope provides a safe and convenient alternative.
- Versatility: These devices are not limited to ear cleaning; they can also be used for examining other hard-to-reach areas, such as the nose, mouth, or even checking the scalp for lice.
- Peace of Mind: By having a clear visual of your ear canal, you can detect any abnormalities or potential issues and seek professional help when necessary.
- Cost-Effective: Instead of frequent visits to doctors or ear specialists, investing in an ear cleaning endoscope allows for more frequent cleanings at your convenience.
Key Features to Consider
- Image Quality: Look for endoscopes with high-resolution cameras (ideally HD) to ensure clear and detailed visuals.
- Lighting: Opt for devices equipped with adjustable LED lights, allowing for better illumination even in dimly lit areas.
- Cable Length: Consider the length of the endoscope cable based on your reach requirements. Longer cables offer more flexibility in accessing hard-to-reach areas.
- Connectivity Options: Choose between USB, Wi-Fi, or Bluetooth connectivity, depending on your preference and device compatibility.
- Compatibility: Ensure the endoscope is compatible with the device(s) you intend to use it with, such as smartphones, tablets, or computers.
- Control and Navigation: Look for endoscopes that provide intuitive controls and easy navigation through the app or software.
- Ease of Cleaning: Opt for models that are easy to clean and disinfect, as hygiene is a crucial aspect when it comes to ear cleaning.
Frequently Asked Questions about 13 Unbelievable Ear Cleaning Endoscope for 2023
It is recommended to clean the endoscope with a soft cloth or tissue after each use to remove any debris or earwax. Some models may have detachable components that can be sterilized separately.
An ear cleaning endoscope is designed for personal use, allowing you to conduct the cleaning procedure independently. However, it’s always helpful to have a mirror or someone to assist you for better visualization.
When used correctly and cautiously, ear cleaning endoscopes are safe for personal use. However, it’s important to follow the instructions provided by the manufacturer and avoid inserting the endoscope too deeply into the ear canal.
When used properly, an ear cleaning endoscope should not cause discomfort or pain. Take your time and be gentle while maneuvering the device to prevent any discomfort.
It is generally recommended to consult a healthcare professional if you wish to clean a child’s ears. They can properly examine the child’s ears and guide you on the safest cleaning methods.
